Mphamvu ya dzuwa, yokhala ndi malo ake osungiramo zinthu zambiri komanso kufalikira kwake kwakukulu, ndiye gwero lamphamvu yowonjezereka kwambiri m'zaka za m'ma 2000. Pamene mavuto apadziko lonse lapansi monga kusowa kwa mphamvu ndi kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe akuchulukirachulukira, kupanga mphamvu ya dzuwa ya photovoltaic kwakhala bizinesi yotsogola yomwe mayiko padziko lonse lapansi amaiona kuti ndi yofunika kwambiri, chifukwa cha ukhondo wake, chitetezo, kusavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso kugwira ntchito bwino. M'malo opangira magetsi akuluakulu komanso apakatikati, malo osungira magetsi a PV pakati komanso mapulojekiti ophatikizana osungira magetsi,Transformer/Siteshoni Yokonzedwanso ya Anthu ya 35kV PhotovoltaicImagwira ntchito zazikulu monga kusintha mphamvu, kusonkhanitsa, kukweza, kuteteza ndi kuwongolera mwanzeru. Imagwira ntchito ngati chipangizo chofunikira cholumikizira ma photovoltaic arrays, ma inverter ndi gridi yamagetsi ya anthu onse. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane ntchito zazikulu, zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito, ubwino wosankha, njira zosankhira zasayansi ndi mtengo wogwiritsira ntchito chinthucho, kupereka chidziwitso chaukadaulo cha ndalama, kapangidwe, zomangamanga ndi ntchito & kukonza malo opangira magetsi a photovoltaic.
I. Ntchito Zazikulu za 35kV Photovoltaic Combined Transformer/Preassembled Substation
Chipinda cha People's 35kV Photovoltaic Combined Transformer/Preassembled Substation chimagwiritsa ntchitokapangidwe ka modular kokonzedwa kale ku fakitale, kogwirizana bwino komanso kokonzeka kukhazikitsidwa, yomwe ikuphatikizapo mapulani atatu a kapangidwe kake: malo osinthira magetsi a mtundu wa America (kapangidwe ka ZGS-Z), malo osinthira magetsi a mtundu wa China (kapangidwe ka YBG) ndi malo osinthira magetsi a mtundu wa ku Europe (kapangidwe kofanana ndi malo osinthira magetsi a mtundu wa China). Imagwirizanitsa kwambiri ma transformer oyenda pang'onopang'ono, zida zogawa magetsi amphamvu, mayunitsi ogawa magetsi otsika, machitidwe oteteza magetsi, ma module anzeru owunikira, zigawo zolipirira mphamvu zosinthika ndi machitidwe oteteza magetsi ndi nthaka, zomwe zimagwira ntchito zingapo zosasinthika m'malo opangira magetsi a photovoltaic:
1.Kukweza Mphamvu ndi Kutumiza Maulendo Akutali
Imawonjezera mphamvu yosinthira mphamvu yamagetsi yotsika (0.27kV/0.3kV/0.315kV/0.4kV) yopangidwa ndi ma inverter a photovoltaic kufika pa 35kV/36.75kV/38.5kV, ndipo mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ya mbali yamagetsi yokwera imafika pa 40.5kV. Imakwaniritsa zofunikira za magetsi olumikizirana ndi gridi, imachepetsa kwambiri kutayika kwa mzere panthawi yotumiza mphamvu mtunda wautali komanso imapangitsa kuti magetsi azigwira bwino ntchito, yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamagetsi ya maziko a PV okhala ndi mphamvu kuyambira 1000kVA mpaka 1250kVA.
2.Kuphatikiza kwa Machitidwe ndi Kulamulira Kugawa Mphamvu
Imagwirizanitsa ntchito monga mzere wolowera wamagetsi amphamvu, mzere wotuluka wamagetsi amphamvu, chitetezo cha transformer, kulumikizana kwa gridi yamagetsi otsika komanso kuyeza mphamvu zamagetsi, kukwaniritsa kusonkhanitsa, kugawa ndi kuwongolera bwino mphamvu zamagawo ambiri m'magawo a photovoltaic. Pakati pawo, substation yamtundu wa America imagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka co-box, kuphatikiza zigawo zazikulu monga ma switch okweza ndi ma fuse mu thanki ya transformer yokhala ndi kapangidwe kakang'ono; substation yamtundu wa China ndi European ndi substations zosonkhanitsidwa kale zokhala ndi mawonekedwe omveka bwino a modular partition, m'malo mwa multi-detached mode ya substations zachikhalidwe zaukadaulo wa boma ndikupangitsa kuti mawaya amakina oyamba ndi achiwiri akhale osavuta.
3.Chitetezo Chonse
Ili ndi zigawo zitatu zotetezera zomwe zili mkati mwake:Chosinthira champhamvu cha mafuta choviikidwa mu mafuta cha BYFI-40.5(yamagetsi yovotera 630A, nthawi yogwira ntchito yamakina nthawi 2000, mphamvu yolimbana ndi voteji ya 95kV),Fuse yamphamvu ya XRNT-40.5(ma current osweka pang'ono a 31.5kA, ma fuse amatha kusinthidwa mosavuta pamalopo) ndiYH5WZ-51/134 mtundu silikoni mphira jekete zinki okusayidi arrester(kapangidwe kopanda mipata, mphamvu yotsalira ya mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu yamagetsi ≤134kV, yokhala ndi magwiridwe antchito oteteza kuphulika). Kuphatikiza ndi njira zodzitetezera monga mphamvu yopitilira muyeso, kusiyana, kutsatana kwa zero, kutentha kwambiri komanso chitetezo chotsutsana ndi zilumba, imagwira ntchito mwachangu kudula dera lolakwika pansi pa mikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito monga kupitirira muyeso, kusinthasintha kwa magetsi, kusinthasintha kwa kutentha ndi kugwedezeka kwa mphezi, kuonetsetsa kuti ma photovoltaic arrays, ma inverter, malo osinthira magetsi okha ndi zida zam'mbali mwa gridi zimakhala zotetezeka.
4.Kugwira Ntchito Mwanzeru & Kusamalira ndi Kuzindikira Deta
Ili ndi zida zowunikira kutentha, kuyang'anira kutulutsa pang'ono ndi ma module opezera magawo amagetsi, kuthandizira kulumikizana kwa ma protocol ambiri kuti alumikizane ndi nsanja yowunikira siteshoni yamagetsi, kuzindikira momwe ntchito ikuyendera nthawi yeniyeni, chenjezo loyambirira la cholakwika komanso kuyatsa/kuzima patali. Pakadali pano, yakonzedwa ndiChosinthira magetsi ndi kukonza cha mtundu wa SG10kukwaniritsa zosowa zamagetsi zowunikira ndi kukonza zida tsiku ndi tsiku, ndikuwonjezera kusavuta kwa ntchito ndi kukonza.
5.Kukonza Mphamvu Yabwino
Transformer imagwiritsa ntchito zilembo za gulu lolumikizirana la Yd11 ndi d11, ndi impedance yolamulidwa pa 6.5%, ndikuletsa bwino kusokonekera kwa harmonic. Pogwirizana ndi zida zolipirira mphamvu zosinthika, imatha kukhazikika mphamvu yoposa 0.98, kukwaniritsa miyezo yofunikira ya GB/T 19964 ya mphamvu yolumikizidwa ndi gridi ya photovoltaic ndikupewa kuchepetsa kupanga gridi ndi chindapusa chowunikira.
II. Zochitika Zachizolowezi Zogwiritsira Ntchito
Chogulitsachi chapangidwa mwapadera kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito panja pa photovoltaic, ndipo malo ake ogwirira ntchito amakonzedwa mosamala, kuphatikizapo zochitika zazikulu izi:
1. Malo Amphamvu Opangira Mphamvu ya Photovoltaic Yaikulu Kwambiri Pansi
Ndi yoyenera malo otsetsereka a PV m'chipululu, Gobi ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja okhala ndi kutalika kwa ≤1000m, kutentha kwa malo -25℃ ~ +45℃ ndi liwiro la mphepo ≤35m/s. Mphamvu ya unit imodzi imaphimba 1000kVA, 1100kVA ndi 1250kVA, ndipo mayunitsi angapo amatha kulumikizidwa nthawi imodzi kuti akwaniritse mphamvu yolumikizirana komanso yotumizira. Zipangizozi zimakwaniritsa zofunikira za kalasi ya chivomerezi cha 0.3m/s² ndi 0.15m/s², ndi kalasi yopewera kuipitsidwa kufika pa Level II, ndipo zimatha kupirira nyengo yovuta ndi mphepo yamphamvu, mchenga ndi fumbi.
2. Mapulojekiti Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu ya Photovoltaic + Yokwanira
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'njira zosiyanasiyana monga ulimi-photovoltaic complementarity, usodzi-photovoltaic complementarity ndi nkhalango-photovoltaic complementarity. Thanki yamafuta ili ndi kalasi yoteteza yaIP68(yomwe imatha kugwira ntchito ikaviikidwa m'madzi), zipinda zamagetsi amphamvu komanso otsika zimakhala ndi chitetezo cha IP54, ndipo chipinda chamagetsi amphamvu chimakhalabe ndi chitetezo cha IP3X chitseko chikatsegulidwa. Chimasintha malinga ndi malo apadera monga chinyezi chambiri, kupopera mchere komanso kusonkhanitsa madzi. Kukhazikitsa zida sikutenga malo olima ndi obereketsa, chifukwa "malo amodzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawiri".
3. Mapulojekiti Akuluakulu Ogawa Mphamvu ya Photovoltaic M'mapaki Amafakitale ndi Malonda
Pa mapulojekiti ogawa magetsi opitilira 6MW m'mapaki a mafakitale ndi malo akuluakulu amalonda, malo osinthira magetsi a mtundu wa America, okhala ndi ubwino wochepa, kutayika kochepa komanso kuyika kosavuta, ndi oyenera malo osungira denga ndi mafakitale; malo osinthira magetsi a mtundu wa China ndi wa ku Europe amakwaniritsa zosowa zomangira za malo akuluakulu opangira magetsi okhala ndi kuphatikiza kwakukulu, zomwe zimakwaniritsa mwachangu kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo komanso kulumikizana kwa gridi yamagetsi yochulukirapo.
4. Mapulojekiti Opangidwa Mwamakonda M'malo Apadera
Pa zochitika zina zomwe sizingachitike monga malo okwera kwambiri, kuzizira kwambiri komanso kutentha kwambiri, wopangayo angapereke kapangidwe kake, monga kukonza kutentha kwa mpweya, kuwonjezera mphamvu yopumira/yotenthetsera kutentha pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi komanso kugwiritsa ntchito utoto wolemera wotsutsana ndi dzimbiri, kusintha momwe zinthu zimakhalira ndi malo opangira magetsi apadera a photovoltaic m'madera akutali, zilumba ndi madera amigodi.
III. Ubwino Waukulu Wosankha Anthu Chida Chamagetsi cha 35kV Photovoltaic Combined Transformer/Preassembled Substation
Poyerekeza ndi malo osinthira zinthu zakale aukadaulo, malo osinthira zinthu a 10kV-level box-type ndi zida zosiyanasiyana, chinthuchi chili ndi ubwino waukulu muukadaulo, ndalama, nthawi yomanga komanso kudalirika:
1. Ndondomeko Zitatu Zomangira Zomwe Zikugwirizana Ndi Zosowa za Pulojekiti
●Siteshoni yamagetsi yamtundu wa ku America (kapangidwe ka ZGS-Z): Kapangidwe ka bokosi la co-box, ndi zinthu zomwe zimaphatikizidwa mu thanki yamafuta, kukula kwake kochepa, kulemera kwake kopepuka komanso liwiro lokhazikitsa mwachangu, koyenera mapulojekiti ogawa a photovoltaic okhala ndi malo ochepa. Kukonza tsiku ndi tsiku sikufuna zida zaukadaulo, kuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito ndi kukonza.
●Siteshoni yamagetsi ya kalembedwe ka Chitchaina/ya ku Ulaya (kapangidwe ka YBG): Kapangidwe ka modular kokonzedweratu, kokhala ndi chipinda chamagetsi amphamvu, chipinda cha transformer ndi chipinda chamagetsi otsika chogawanika padera, kutentha bwino komanso kufalikira kwamphamvu, koyenera zosowa zomangira zokhazikika komanso zazikulu za malo akuluakulu opangira magetsi a photovoltaic.
2.Kuphatikizana Kwambiri, Kufupikitsa Kwambiri Nthawi Yomanga
Zipangizo zonse zimasonkhanitsidwa, kulumikizidwa ndi waya, kutumizidwa ndi kuyesedwa mu fakitale. Pamalo omanga maziko okha, kukweza zinthu zonse, kulumikizana ndi chingwe ndi kuvomereza kulumikizana ndi gridi ndikofunikira. Nthawi yomanga imafupikitsidwa ndi 60% - 70% poyerekeza ndi dongosolo lakale, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malo opangira magetsi azigwira ntchito mwachangu komanso kuti magetsi azigwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, komanso kukonza bwino momwe magetsi amagwirira ntchito.
3. Kusinthasintha Kwamphamvu Kwambiri Kwachilengedwe Pantchito Yokhazikika Yakunja Yokhala Ndi Nyengo Zonse
Kanyumba kameneka kamagwiritsa ntchito chotetezera kutentha cha zigawo ziwiri komanso choteteza dzimbiri, kuphatikiza ndi thanki yamafuta yoteteza kwambiri ya IP68, yomwe imatha kupirira nyengo yoipa monga kusefukira kwa madzi, kupopera mchere ndi fumbi la mchenga. Sikufuna malo osungira makina a zomangamanga ndi malo otchingira akuluakulu, makamaka oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali m'malo osayang'aniridwa.
4. Kapangidwe Kochepa Kotayika Kuti Kuwongolere Ubwino wa Siteshoni Yamagetsi pa Moyo Wonse
Kutayika kwa katundu ndi kutayika kwa katundu kwa transformer kumatha kusinthidwa ndikukonzedwa malinga ndi zosowa za makasitomala. Kuphatikiza ndi kapangidwe kake kotsika ka impedance, kutaya kodzipatula kumachepetsedwa ndi 10% - 20% poyerekeza ndi zofunikira za dziko lonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ndalama zamagetsi zomwe zimapezedwa pa siteshoni yamagetsi ziwonjezeke mkati mwa zaka 25 zogwirira ntchito.
5. Chitsimikizo Chokwanira ndi Chitsimikizo cha Utumiki
Chogulitsachi chapambana mayeso athunthu a mtundu, ndipo mulingo wake woteteza kutentha komanso mulingo wake wopirira mphamvu zonse zimakwaniritsa miyezo ya dziko. Wopangayo amapereka ntchito zonse monga kutsitsa deta yosankhidwa, kusintha kwa ukadaulo ndi chitsogozo choyikira pamalopo, ndi nambala yafoni 400-898-1166 yomwe ikuyankha mwachangu zosowa za ntchito ndi kukonza.
IV. Kusankha kwa Sayansi: Momwe Mungasankhire Transformer Yophatikizana ya 35kV Photovoltaic/Preassembled Substation Yoyenera
Kusankha kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa mokwanira kutengera mphamvu ya siteshoni yamagetsi, magawo a inverter, momwe gridi imalumikizirana, mawonekedwe a chilengedwe ndi zosowa zogwirira ntchito ndi kukonza, potsatira njira zazikulu ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
1. Dziwani Ndondomeko ya Kapangidwe ka Nyumba ndi Kufananiza Mphamvu
♦ Pa mapulojekiti ndi mapulojekiti ogawa magetsi a photovoltaic okhala ndi malo ochepa, kapangidwe ka siteshoni yamagetsi yamtundu wa America ndi komwe kumakondedwa; pa malo akuluakulu opangira magetsi ndi mapulojekiti okhazikika, kapangidwe ka siteshoni yamagetsi yamtundu wa China/European ndi komwe kumakondedwa.
♦ Werengani mphamvu yovotera ya substation imodzi ya bokosi malinga ndi mphamvu yonse yotulutsa ya inverter, chiwerengero cha malo olumikizirana ndi gridi komanso kuchuluka kwa katundu komwe kungachitike. Mafotokozedwe akuluakulu ndi 1000kVA (voltage yayikulu 35kV), 1100kVA (voltage yayikulu 36.75kV) ndi 1250kVA (voltage yayikulu 38.5kV). Sungani 10%—15% kuti muthane ndi kusinthasintha kwa mphamvu ya kuwala komanso kukula kwa mphamvu pambuyo pake.
2. Kufananiza Voltage ndi Insulation Level
♦Voliyumu yolowera ya mbali yamagetsi otsika iyenera kufanana ndi kutulutsa kwa inverter (njira zinayi: 0.27kV/0.3kV/0.315kV/0.4kV), ndipo voliyumu yotuluka ya mbali yamagetsi okwera iyenera kukhala yogwirizana ndi voliyumu yofikira pa gridi (35kV/36.75kV/38.5kV).
♦ Tsimikizirani kuti mulingo wa insulation ukukwaniritsa zofunikira za polojekitiyi: mphamvu ya switch yamphamvu yosinthasintha mphamvu yopirira voltage 95kV, mphamvu ya transformer body yosinthasintha mphamvu yopirira voltage 85kV, mphamvu ya impulse peak yopirira voltage 200kV. Pa ntchito zapamwamba, malire a insulation ayenera kutsimikiziridwanso.
3. Kuteteza Zachilengedwe ndi Kusankha Kapangidwe ka Nyumba
♦Pazochitika zachikhalidwe zakunja, sankhani mawonekedwe okhazikika (Level II yopewera kuipitsa mpweya, grade 0.3m/s²); pa nkhani zokhudzana ndi mchere wothira m'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso zochitika zokhudzana ndi usodzi ndi photovoltaic, sinthani ku thanki yamafuta ya IP68 + chophimba cholimba choletsa dzimbiri; pamadera ozizira kwambiri/otentha kwambiri, sinthani kutentha kwamagetsi ndi makina owongolera kutentha kwa mpweya wokwanira.
♦ Konzani kalembedwe ka nyumba yosungiramo zinthu yodziyimira payokha yopangidwa kale kuti muwongolere kutentha, kukonza ndi kukulitsa mphamvu.
4. Kusankha Zigawo Zoteteza ndi Kukonza Mwanzeru
♦Kapangidwe kabwino kamagwiritsa ntchito chitetezo cha BYFI-40.5 load switch + XRNT-40.5 fuse + YH5WZ-51/134 arrester. Pa malo akuluakulu opangira magetsi, onjezerani chitetezo chosiyana ndi chitetezo cha arc.
♦ Sankhani ma module anzeru owunikira ngati pakufunika, othandizira ntchito zapamwamba monga kulumikizana kwakutali, kuyang'anira kutulutsa pang'ono ndi mapasa a digito, kuti mugwirizane ndi zosowa zogwirira ntchito ndi kukonza malo opangira magetsi osayang'aniridwa.
V. Mapeto
Poganizira za kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka mphamvu padziko lonse lapansi kukhala koyera komanso kotsika kwa mpweya, kupanga mphamvu zamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito photovoltaic kwasintha kuchoka pa gwero lamphamvu lowonjezera kupita ku gwero lalikulu la mphamvu, ndipo maziko akuluakulu ndi apakatikati a photovoltaic ndi mapulojekiti athunthu a mphamvu akhala gawo lalikulu la zomangamanga.Transformer/Siteshoni Yokonzedwanso ya Anthu ya 35kV PhotovoltaicImasintha mosavuta malinga ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana ndi mapulani atatu a kapangidwe kake, ndipo yakhala chida chachikulu cholumikizira gridi cha malo opangira magetsi amakono a photovoltaic okhala ndi ubwino waukulu wophatikizana kwambiri, kusunga mphamvu ndi kutayika kochepa, chitetezo chapamwamba cha IP68 komanso ubwenzi wanzeru.
Chogulitsachi sichimangothetsa mavuto a kusonkhanitsa magetsi ndi kutumiza magetsi mtunda wautali m'malo akuluakulu opangira magetsi, komanso chimasintha malinga ndi zochitika zovuta monga ulimi, photovoltaic, usodzi, photovoltaic ndi mafakitale ndi malonda, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri pakukweza magwiridwe antchito a malo opangira magetsi, kuchepetsa ndalama zogulira, kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito zake ndi zotetezeka komanso zokhazikika komanso kuthandizira magwiridwe antchito ndi kukonza mwanzeru. Kusankha kwasayansi ndi kasinthidwe koyenera ndi njira zofunika kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kuti zidazo zikugwira ntchito bwino kwa nthawi yayitali. Ndikofunikira kupanga zisankho zambiri kuchokera ku miyeso ya kapangidwe kake, kufananiza mphamvu, kuteteza chilengedwe, njira zotetezera komanso ntchito ya wopanga, ndikusankha zinthu zapamwamba zomwe zikugwirizana ndi miyezo ya dziko, ma grid specifications ndi mawonekedwe a polojekiti.
Ndi kubwerezabwereza kwa ukadaulo watsopano wamagetsi komanso kumanga makina atsopano amagetsi, malo osinthira magetsi a People Electric Appliance a 35kV Photovoltaic Combined Transformer/Preassembled Substation adzakonzedwa kuti agwirizane bwino, achepetse kutayika komanso anzeru kwambiri, zomwe zikupereka chithandizo champhamvu cha zida zoyendetsera bwino makampani opanga magetsi komanso kukwaniritsa zolinga za "dual carbon".
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-09-2026
